What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis in scientific research?

During my final year in college, I worked on a project about climate change. We began with a hypothesis that increasing carbon emissions would lead to higher global temperatures. We conducted experiments, analyzed data, and found a strong correlation, which led us to understand and articulate this as a theory supported by extensive research. This experience taught me the importance of starting with a hypothesis and how it can evolve into a broader theory through research and evidence.

While volunteering for a local health initiative, I noticed that people believed a common misconception about vaccines. I hypothesized that misinformation was affecting vaccination rates. To address this, we conducted surveys to gather data and developed educational workshops that clarified the science behind vaccines. This hands-on experience helped me understand how a hypothesis can guide community efforts and eventually lead to a more informed public, similar to how theories guide scientific understanding.

In my first job as a research assistant, we often differentiated between theories and hypotheses in our discussions. For example, we were tasked with exploring the theory of evolution. Our specific hypothesis was that certain species adapt better to environmental changes. By conducting experiments and analyzing the results, we contributed to the ongoing conversation about evolutionary theory. This role reinforced my understanding of how hypotheses can be tested to either support or challenge existing theories.